When was ecuador created

Their existence lasted until the 16th century, when Spanish conquerors arrived. Scientists and scholars divided that stage into four periods: Paleoindian or Preceramic, Formative, Regional Development, Integration and Inca.

In an area that exceeded four thousand square kilometers, it stretched from southern Colombia to northern Chile, over a territory called Tahuantinsuyo. The Incas consisted of a vast population of dozens of ethnic groups with different languages, customs and economies based on land use. In Ecuador, they expanded throughout the Andes, occupied parts of the coast and exerted considerable influence in Quito. In , the end of Tahuantinsuyo began with the incarceration of Atahualpa. Severe clashes took place between the Europeans and the Incas, who refused to be conquered.

For the Spanish, America was a land full of riches, exploited in service to the Crown. Francisco Pizarro and Diego de Almagro were the main protagonists of the time and brutality dominated the local Indigenous Peoples. Several strategies were implemented by the Europeans, including the use of catechizing and of putting one rival Indigenous chief against another.

The Royal Audience of Quito was established in as an administrative entity dependent upon the Spanish Crown. From the beginning of the 18th century, the Audience of Quito was part of the Viceroyalty of Peru. It then passed to the command of the Viceroyalty of New Granada, located in Santa Fe, until its abolition, after which it once again became dependent on the Viceroyalty of Peru.

Distrust was part of colonial society due to the ambiguous situation that unfolded in the Audience of Quito. The Marquis of Selva Alegre centralized the State and established a monopoly on alcohol and tobacco. Thus, the famous Tobacco Revolt occurred, which was joined by other uprisings of Indigenous Peoples. This was followed by administrative reorganizations that allowed for higher tax revenues.

In the late 18th century, Francisco Luis Hector, Baron of Carondelet, became President and secured greater power for Quito, such as control over the Superintendent of the Royal Treasury and the creation of a Captaincy General. Social decadence accelerated during the second half of the 18th century. Historians attribute several factors to the fall of the colonial system. Meanwhile, slavery was abolished in Ecuador in Meanwhile, there were tensions between different regions of Ecuador.

Finally in Ecuador split. This was known as the Terrible Year. In he made himself president. Moreno was a conservative who ruled with a heavy hand. However, he did restore order and promoted economic development. He also made Roman Catholicism the state religion. However, Moreno was assassinated in General Ignacio de Veintimilla succeeded him.

He ruled as a dictator of Ecuador until when constitutional government was restored. Panama hats were made in the country and exports of cocoa boomed. He was president from to and from to Under him, the power of the church was restricted. Civil marriage and divorce were introduced. However, in conservative officers overthrew the regime. Like the rest of the world, Ecuador suffered from the economic depression of the s.

There was also political instability and a quick succession of presidents. Furthermore in Peru invaded and occupied the south of Ecuador. In Ecuador was forced to surrender some of its territories by the Rio Protocol. Also, the city of Guayaquil was severely damaged by an earthquake in However in the late s prosperity was restored by a banana boom.

There was a surge in demand for bananas and many were exported from Ecuador. However after about 10 years the boom ended and political instability returned. In a period of military rule began. A junta ruled Ecuador until Then after a period of civil rule, the army took power again in The Ecuadorian Indians were forced to labor for the Spanish, and conditions were oppressive for the natives. At the same time, the criollo population those born of Spanish descent in South America were increasingly frustrated by the privilege given to those born in Spain.

This coincided with a depression in Spain that crippled their economy and weakened their control over their South American colonies.

While earlier attempts to unshackle their colonial bonds had failed, Olmedo strategically appealed to Simon Bolivar and San Martin, who were already involved in the liberation of other South American nations. Thanks to their help and the cunning military brilliance of the young general Jose Antonio de Sucre, Ecuador was finally able to win its independence at the victorious Battle of Pichincha in the central Ecuadorian Andes on May 24, Basilica del Voto Nacional in Quito.

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